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Liver Cancer

Bringing you comprehensive information about different types of Liver Cancer

Liver Cancer

Bringing you comprehensive information about different types of Liver Cancer

AOI > Cancer Types > Liver Cancer > Types

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    Types of primary liver cancer

    Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

    Hepatocellular cancer is the most common form of liver cancer seen in adults. Some begin as a single tumor that keeps growing larger in size. It’s only at the later stage, that this cancer type spreads to other parts of the liver. Whereas the other sub-type may spread as small cancer nodules throughout the liver. This is commonly seen in people with liver cirrhosis or chronic liver damage.

    What are common risk factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)?
    Several factors such as gender, chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV), liver diseases, such as cirrhosis, Type-2 diabetes, obesity, excess consumption of alcohol, tobacco, etc., increase a person’s chance of developing HCC.
    Also, men are more likely to get affected with the condition than women.

    Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer)

    Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma starts in the cells that line, the small bile ducts or tubes that carry bile to the gallbladder within the liver. Though uncommon, this cancer type is most common in people older than age 50.

    Based on their location, cholangiocarcinoma is further divided into three sub types:

    • Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma originates in the parts of the bile ducts within the liver.
    • Hilar cholangiocarcinoma originates in the bile ducts outside of the liver.
    • Distal cholangiocarcinoma originates in the bile duct closer to the small intestine.

    Angiosarcoma and Hemangiosarcoma

    This is a rare type of cancer that begins in cells lining the blood vessels of the liver. It’s commonly seen in people who have been exposed to vinyl chloride or arsenic or radium, or have an inherited condition known as hereditary hemochromatosis.

    Unlike other cancer types, these tumors spread too quickly to be removed surgically by the time they are found.

    However, chemotherapy and radiation therapy may help to arrest the progression of the disease.

    Hepatoblastoma

    Though rare, hepatoblastoma liver cancer develops in children younger than 4 years. If diagnosed on time, this infant liver tumor can be treated successfully with surgery and chemotherapy. However, if tumors are spread outside liver, these become harder to treat.

    What is liver cancer metastasis?
    Cancer that begins in another area of the body — such as the colon, lung or breast — and then spread to the liver is called metastasis or secondary liver cancer.

    This type of cancer is named after the organ in which it originates – such as metastatic colon cancer, where cancer originates in the colon and later spreads to the liver.

    Is liver cancer dangerous?
    Primary liver cancers are the third most common cause of cancer deaths globally. Even liver metastasis or secondary liver cancer that starts in another part of the body and spreads to the liver is dangerous, as any delay in diagnosis or treatment makes liver cancers difficult to treat. Therefore, timely diagnosis and aggressive treatment are very crucial.

    Benign vs. Malignant Liver Cancer

    How many types of liver cancer are there?
    There are many types of liver cancers, only some of those are cancerous, though. The most important classification is whether the liver cancer types are benign or malignant.

    Benign liver tumors
    Benign or non-cancerous tumors generally do not grow into nearby tissues or spread to distant parts of the body. These may grow large to cause problems, though. Such tumors are usually cured with surgery.

    Types of benign liver cancers

    1. Hemangioma of liver

    The most common type of benign or non-cancerous liver tumor, hemangioma, originates in blood vessels. Most hemangiomas of liver cause no symptoms and thus, do not need treatment. But in cases where it shows symptoms such as bleeding, liver hemangioma treatment may include medication such as corticosteroids, cutting off blood supply of the tumor, or surgery to remove the hemangioma.

    2 Hepatic Adenoma

    This is a benign tumor that starts from hepatocytes (the main type of liver cell) and usually causes no symptoms. These hormone-induced liver cell adenomas very often do not need any treatment, but some, at the later stage, may cause symptoms, such as loss of blood, pain or lump in the abdomen, etc.

    Though non-cancerous, inflammatory hepatic adenoma has a small risk that it could eventually develop into liver cancer, therefore, it is recommended to remove the tumor through a surgical procedure.

    3. Focal Nodular Hyperplasia

    Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of liver is a tumor-like growth made up of several cell types (hepatocytes, bile duct cells, and connective tissue cells). Although benign, this is the second most prevalent tumor of the liver. It is generally asymptomatic and is often found incidentally.

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