Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting men worldwide.
Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the prostate gland, which is a part of the male reproductive system. This gland's function is to produce and store semen, and it is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum.
The exact causes of prostate cancer are unclear, but certain factors contribute to an increased risk of developing this disease, including age, family history, race, and lifestyle. Men over 50 years old are at a higher risk, and African American men and those with a family history of prostate cancer are also at greater risk.
Prostate cancer can be asymptomatic in its early stages, making screening and early detection crucial. The symptoms of prostate cancer vary and depend on the disease's extent and location. The most common symptoms include:
Screening for prostate cancer involves two common tests: Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) and Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) blood test. The DRE is a physical examination of the prostate gland by the doctor, whereas the PSA blood test measures the level of PSA protein produced by the prostate gland. Elevated PSA levels may indicate prostate problems.
However, the decision to screen for prostate cancer depends on factors such as age, family history, and comorbidities. Doctors usually recommend an individualized approach to screening and make recommendations based on individual risk factors.
Treatment options for prostate cancer depend on the stage and location of the cancer and the patient's overall health and preferences. The most common treatments include:
Active Surveillance/ Watchful Waiting: this option is common in low-risk prostate cancer, where the doctor monitors the cancer's progression without active treatment.
Surgery: The most common surgical procedure for prostate cancer is radical prostatectomy, where the whole gland and surrounding tissue are removed.
Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy involves the use of high-energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells.
Hormone Therapy: Hormone therapy involves the use of medication to block or reduce androgen levels, which fuel prostate cancer growth.
Prostate cancer is a prevalent cancer affecting men, but early detection and personalized treatment options can improve outcomes. Regular screening, healthy lifestyle choices, and open communication with a healthcare provider can help reduce the risk of prostate cancer. If you are diagnosed with prostate cancer, remember that you are not alone, and prompt intervention can make a significant difference. At American Oncology Institute, our expert team of oncologists provides comprehensive cancer care with a compassionate approach. Please don't hesitate to contact us for more information.
