What is the treatment process involved in bone marrow transplant?
There are several steps to be followed during a bone marrow transplant. No matter what type of bone marrow transplant you’re going to have, the steps followed are much the same.
Preparation
The preparation stage starts with a medical assessment which includes different medical tests, guidance, and insertion of the central venous catheter (CVC) into a large vein in your chest.
Conditioning
This is also known as pre-transplant treatment or bone marrow preparation. During the process, either chemotherapy or radiation therapy or a combination of both is given in doses. It typically takes one or two weeks and helps in destroying the cancerous cells in the bone marrow. It also helps in suppressing the patient’s immune system to lessen the chance of graft rejection.
Stem Cell Harvest
The stem cells are generally collected either from the bone marrow or peripheral blood. In an allogeneic transplant, however, stem cells are collected from the donor, whereas in the case of an autologous transplant, the patient’s own cells are used for the procedure.
Infusion
In this stage, the infusion or transplant of donor bone marrow or stem cells takes place. This is similar to a blood transfusion and is given a couple of days after the conditioning treatment.
Engraftment and Early Recovery
Signs that fresh bone marrow or stem cells are developing can be anticipated in about 2 to 3 weeks after the transplantation.
Long-term Recovery
This stage involves the discharge of the patient from the center, discussing follow-ups and precautions to avoid any long-term complications.
Relapsed Hodgkin’s Disease
Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is the cancer of lymphoid tissue-derived from germinal B cells of lymph glands. And the term “relapsed” refers to a disease that reappears after a period of remission.
Although Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is curable with first-line therapy, approximately one-third of patients will experience a relapse.
For classical HL, most relapses occur within the first three years following diagnosis, although some relapses occur much later.
High Risk Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) also called acute lymphocytic leukemia is a cancer of blood and bone marrow. In ALL, the body makes abnormal lymphocytes, a type of blood cell in the bone marrow that doesn’t fight infections very well. They also grow quickly, which leaves less room for healthy white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. This causes infection, anemia, and easy bleeding.
This type of cancer is aggressive and gets worse if it is not treated.
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