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  • Stage 1 : Cancer reaches the wall of the rectum or colon OR to the visceral peritoneum, OR into the nearby structures, but does not spread to lymph nodes.
  • Stage 2 : Cancer is limited to the colon or rectum.
  • Stage 3 : Cancer has invaded the muscular layer of the rectum or colon and has not spread to nearby lymph nodes.
  • Stage 4 : Cancer reaches the peritoneum and other organs of the body.
  • Stage 5 : Cancer had spread to ≥4 lymph nodes but not to other body parts.