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Risk Factors

The risk factors for vaginal cancer include:

  • Advanced age: The risk of vaginal cancer increases with age. Women over 60 years have increased risk of developing vaginal cancer.
  • Presence of intraepithelial neoplasia: Women with intraepithelial cells have abnormal tissues in the vagina. Although these cells are not cancerous, they can potentially cause vaginal cancer.
  • Maternal exposure to certain drugs: If the mother of an individual is exposed to diethylstilbestrol (a miscarriage prevention drug), she is at an increased risk for vaginal cancer.
  • Underlying medical conditions: Several underlying medical conditions increase the risk of vaginal cancer. These include human papillomavirus, HIV, vulvar cancer, and cervical cancer or cervical dysplasia.
  • Unhealthy lifestyle: Women with an unhealthy lifestyle, such as excessive alcohol consumption and smoking, are at increased risk of developing vaginal cancer.

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